BIG CARP APRIL 2026 RICHARD - Flipbook - Page 168
ANDY LITTLE
Simple Sugars
These consist of just one o r t wo m o l ec u le s l i n ke d to g e t h e r.
S u gar examples are:
Sucrose. Two linked are : G lu c o s e an d f ru c to s e. S u c ro s e i s
t h e produce of sugar cane an d s u ga r b e et a n d i s th e c o m m o n
re fined sugar.
Maltose. Two linked suga rs are G l u co se a nd G l u c o s e . T h i s i s
t h e common produc t o f the e n z y m e c l eava g e o f s t a rc h.
Lactose. Two linked suga r s a re L a c to s e a n d G l u c o s e . T h i s
i s the milk sugar, and it’s fo u n d i n a ll m i lks. T h ey are k n ow n
a s disacchorides (di = two s uga r re si du e s ). T h ey re q u i re th e
a c tion of inverlase to m ake th e m ava i la b l e to en zy mes to
m ainstream metabolism.
Glucose, also known as extrose, has been previously described.
Tractose. Nearly as impo r t a n t i n me t ab o l i s m a s gl u c o s e .
Ribose: A five-carbon suga r i m p o rt an t s t r u c t u ra l ly fo r ( D NA ).
(RNA). D NA Deoxyribonu c le i c a ci d .
RNA – Ribonucleic acid. Si m p l e s u ga rs su c h a s t h o s e l i s te d
a re not likely to occur in a ny s i g n i f i c a n t q u a n t i t ie s i n th e d i e t
o f fish. They appear in the b l o o d a n d ti s s u e s d u e to th e a c t i o n
o f enzymes on the common ly o c cu ri n g d i e ta r y p o lys a c c h a r i d e s .
T h ey are also produc ed by t he c o nve r s i o n o f o t h e r co m p o u n d s ,
p a rticularly some amino ac i ds , p a r ti c u la rly gl u ta m ate , a l an i n e ,
a rgmime, glutamine and as p a rl ate . G lyc ero l f ro m fa t s a n d o i l s
i s also important in this p ro c e ss . G l uc e n o g en i s i s oc cu rs a t i t s
h i ghest levels during perio d s o f c a rb o hyd ra te s t a rva t i o n.
I mportance and Uses of S i m p le S uga r s .
As you must be well awa re , t he si mp l e s u ga rs a re p owe rf u l
sweetening agents and a re re ad i ly s o lu b le i n wa te r. I t i s
i n teresting to note that h o n ey, a l o n g- favo u re d swee te n e r/
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